How do I Know if I Have Sleep Apnea?

 

People with sleep apnea are often not aware that they have it. You should suspect sleep apnoea if you often feel sleepy during the day, and you have been told that you snore loudly and frequently or seem to have trouble breathing during the night. 

 

How is Sleep Apnea Diagnosed?

 

In addition to your primary care provider, a sleep medicine specialist needs to be involved in the diagnosis, as well as treatment. Diagnosis of sleep apnoea is not simple because there can be many different reasons for disturbed sleep. If sleep apnoea is suspected, the sleep medicine specialist will need to perform a sleep study. This test is called polysomnography, which records a variety of body functions during sleep. These recordings can be done at home.

 

How is Sleep Apnea Treated?

 

The specific therapy for sleep apnea is based on your medical history, physical exam, and the results of polysomnography or other tests.  Possible treatments for sleep apnoea include:

 

• Behavioural changes such as weight loss

• Learning to sleep on one’s side instead of the back

• Avoiding alcohol, sleeping pills, and smoking

 

What are the Symptoms of Sleep Apnea?

 

1. Loud snoring - persistent and loud snoring is a common symptom of sleep apnea.

2. Daytime sleepiness - people with sleep apnoea often feel tired and sleepy during the day.

3. Pauses in breathing - pauses in breathing during sleep, often followed by choking and gasping for breath.

4. Morning headaches - waking up with headaches and a sore jaw.

 

Who is at Risk of Sleep Apnea?

 

1. Men - more common in men than women.

2. Overweight/obese individuals - excess weight can increase the risk of sleep apnea.

3. Older adults - sleep apnea can occur at any age, but it is more common in older adults.

4. People with high blood pressure - high blood pressure can increase the risk of sleep apnea.

 

What are the Causes of Sleep Apnea?

 

Blockage of the upper airways - Relaxation of the throat muscles and tongue during sleep can cause blockage of the upper airways.

 

What are the Effects of Sleep Apnea?

 

1. Daytime fatigue - sleep apnea can cause daytime fatigue, decreased productivity, and increased risk of accidents.

2. High blood pressure - sleep apnea can increase the risk of high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke.

3. Depression - sleep apnea can contribute to depression, irritability, and anxiety.

4. Sexual dysfunction - sleep apnea can cause sexual dysfunction and decreased libido.

5. Memory loss/brain fog

6. Daytime napping

 

How can I Diagnose and Treat Sleep Apnea?

 

1. Sleep study - also known as polysomnography, is used to diagnose sleep apnea. This can be completed in the comfort of your own home.

2. CPAP therapy - continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is a common treatment for sleep apnea.

3. Oral appliances - such as mouth guards, can help keep the airway open during sleep.

4. Surgery - may be necessary to remove obstructions or correct structural deformities.

5. Lifestyle changes - such as weight loss, exercise, avoiding alcohol and smoking can help manage sleep apnea.​​